Dyslexia is a specific learning difficulty that affects the ability to read and spell words accurately and fluently. It exists on a continuum and can be experienced to various degrees of severity  Children with dyslexia may find it challenging to improve their literacy skills, progress can be slow and often requires significant effort from them. 

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Dyslexia can also affect the acquisition of other skills, such as mathematics, reading comprehension or learning another language.

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In dyslexia, difficulties with phonological processing are commonly observed. However, working memory, processing speed and orthographic skills can also contribute to the impact of dyslexia.

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Dyslexia is complex and often occurs alongside other developmental difficulties, such as developmental language disorder, dyscalculia, ADHD, and developmental coordination disorder.